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Comparison of Three- and Four-dimensional Robotic Radiotherapy Treatment Plans for Lung Cancers

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ä±Ô¿µ(Chai Gyu-Young) - °æ»ó´ëÇб³ ÀÇ°ú´ëÇÐ ¹æ»ç¼±Á¾¾çÇб³½Ç
ÀÓ¿µ°æ(Lim Young-Gyung) - ±¹¸³°æ»ó´ëÇб³º´¿ø ¹æ»ç¼±Á¾¾çÇаú
°­±â¹®(Kang Ki-Mun) - °æ»ó´ëÇб³ ÀÇ°ú´ëÇÐ ¹æ»ç¼±Á¾¾çÇб³½Ç
Á¤¹è±Ç(Jung Bae-Kwon) - °æ»ó´ëÇб³ ÀÇ°ú´ëÇÐ ¹æ»ç¼±Á¾¾çÇб³½Ç
ÇÏÀκÀ(Ha In-Bong) - °æ»ó´ëÇб³ ÀÇ°ú´ëÇÐ ¹æ»ç¼±Á¾¾çÇб³½Ç
¹Ú°æ¹ü(Park Kyung-Bum) - °æ»ó´ëÇб³ ÀÇ°ú´ëÇÐ ½Å°æ¿Ü°úÇб³½Ç
Á¤Áø¸í(Jung Jin-Myung) - °æ»ó´ëÇб³ ÀÇ°ú´ëÇÐ ½Å°æ¿Ü°úÇб³½Ç
±èµ¿¿í(Kim Dong-Wook) - °æÈñ´ëÇб³ µ¿¼­½ÅÀÇÇк´¿ø ¹æ»ç¼±Á¾¾çÇаú

Abstract

¸ñ Àû: Æó¾ÏȯÀÚÀÇ Á¾¾çÃßÀû Á¤À§¹æ»ç¼±Ä¡·á¿¡¼­ »ïÂ÷¿ø ¹× »çÂ÷¿øÄ¡·á°èȹÀÇ ¼±·®ºÐÆ÷ Â÷À̸¦ ºñ±³ÇÏ¿´°í ¼±·®°è»ê ¾Ë°í¸®Áò¿¡ µû¸¥ ÆóÀÇ ºñ±ÕÁú¼º º¸Á¤ °á°ú¿¡ Ä¿´Ù¶õ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ÀÖÀ½À» È®ÀÎÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

´ë»ó ¹× ¹æ¹ý: 7¸íÀÇ Æó¾ÏȯÀÚ¸¦ ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÀüÇâÀû È£Èíµ¿Á¶µÈ »çÂ÷¿ø ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´ÜÃþÃÔ¿µ ¿µ»óÀ» ¾ò¾ú´Ù. ȹµæÇÑ ¿µ»óÀº ȯÀÚÀÇ È£Èí¿¡ ´ëÀÀÇÏ´Â 10°³ÀÇ »ïÂ÷¿ø´ÜÃþÃÔ¿µ ¿µ»óÀ̸ç À̸¦ ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î »çÂ÷¿øÄ¡·á°èȹÀÌ ¼ö¸³µÇ¾ú´Ù. »çÂ÷¿øÄ¡·á°èȹ¿¡¼­´Â Á¾¾ç°ú ÁÖº¯Àå±âÀÇ ¿òÁ÷ÀÓÀ» °í·ÁÇÏ¿© X¼±ÀÇ ¹æÇâ°ú ¼±·®ºÐÆ÷¸¦ ÃÖÀûÈ­ÇÑ´Ù. »çÂ÷¿øÄ¡·á°èȹ¿¡¼­ ÃÖÀûÈ­µÈ ºöÀ» È£ÈíÀÇ 50% À§»ó¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â ÇÑ °³ÀÇ »ïÂ÷¿ø´ÜÃþÃÔ¿µ ¿µ»ó¿¡ µ¿ÀÏÇÏ°Ô Àû¿ëÇÏ¿© »ïÂ÷¿øÄ¡·á°èȹÀ» ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. »ïÂ÷¿ø ¹× »çÂ÷¿ø Ä¡·á°èȹ¿¡¼­ ¼±·®°è»êÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© °¢°¢ Ray-tracing°ú ¸óÅ×Ä®·Î ¾Ë°í¸®ÁòÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¼ö¸³µÈ 4°³ÀÇ Ä¡·á°èȹ¿¡¼­ ó¹æ¼±·®ÀÇ Á¾¾çüÀû Æ÷ÇÔ·ü, Á¾¾çüÀûÀÇ 95%¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â ¼±·®ÀÎ D95, Á¾¾çÀÇ ÃÖ´ë¼±·®, ±×¸®°í ô¼öÀÇ ÃÖ´ë¼±·®À» ºñ±³ÇÏ¿´°í Á¾¾çÀÇ À§Ä¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¬°ü¼ºµµ ÇÔ²² °íÂûÇÏ¿´´Ù.

°á °ú: ¸óÅ×Ä®·Î ¾Ë°í¸®ÁòÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ »ïÂ÷¿ø ¹× »çÂ÷¿ø Ä¡·á°èȹ¿¡¼­ Á¾¾çÀÌ ÆóÀÇ ÇÏ¿±¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇØ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡´Â »çÂ÷¿øÄ¡·á°èȹ¿¡¼­ Á¾¾ç Æ÷ÇÔ·üÀÌ Æò±Õ 4.4% ³ô¾Ò´ø ¹Ý¸é¿¡ Á¾¾çÀÌ ÆóÀÇ Áß¿±À̳ª »ó¿±¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇØ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¹Ý´ë·Î Æò±Õ 4.6% ³·¾Ò´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, D95µµ Á¾¾çÀÌ ÆóÀÇ ÇÏ¿±¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇØ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡´Â »çÂ÷¿øÄ¡·á°èȹ¿¡¼­ Æò±Õ 4.8% ³ô¾Ò´ø ¹Ý¸é¿¡ Á¾¾çÀÌ ÆóÀÇ Áß¿±À̳ª »ó¿±¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇØ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¹Ý´ë·Î Æò±Õ 1.7% ³·¾Ò´Ù. ô¼öÀÇ ÃÖ´ë¼±·®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºñ±³¿¡¼­µµ Á¾¾ç°ú À¯»çÇÑ °æÇâÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. Ä¡·á°èȹÀÇ Â÷¿ø°ú ¹«°üÇÏ°Ô Ray-tracing°ú ¸óÅ×Ä®·Î ¾Ë°í¸®Áò »çÀÌÀÇ ¼±·®°è»ê Â÷ÀÌ´Â Æò±Õ 30% Á¤µµ·Î ¸óÅ×Ä®·Î ¾Ë°í¸®ÁòÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´À» ¶§ ó¹æ¼±·®ÀÌ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â Á¾¾çÀÇ ºÎÇÇ´Â Å©°Ô ÁÙ¾îµé¾ú´Ù.

°á ·Ð: Æó Á¾¾çÀÇ »ïÂ÷¿ø ¹× »çÂ÷¿ø Ä¡·á°èȹ »çÀÌÀÇ Â÷À̸¦ Á¾¾ç°ú ô¼öÀÇ ¼±·®ºÐÆ÷¸¦ ÅëÇØ ºñ±³ÇÏ¿´´Ù. µÎ Ä¡·á°èȹ »çÀÌ¿¡¼­ planning target volume (PTV) Æ÷ÇÔ·üÀ̳ª D95¿Í °°ÀÌ Á¾¾ç°ú °ü·ÃµÈ ¼±·®ÇÐÀû ÀÎÀÚµéÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ ¶Ç´Â ô¼öÀÇ ÃÖ´ë¼±·® Â÷ÀÌ´Â Á¾¾çÀÇ À̵¿Å©±â¿Í Çüź¯È­ÀÇ Á¤µµ¿¡ ¹ÐÁ¢ÇÏ°Ô ¿¬°üµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, Ä¡·á°èȹÀÇ Â÷¿ø°ú ¹«°üÇÏ°Ô ¸óÅ×Ä®·Î ¾Ë°í¸®ÁòÀ» »ç¿ëÇϸé ó¹æ¼±·®ÀÌ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â PTV Æ÷ÇÔ·üÀ̳ª D95°¡ Å©°Ô ÁÙ¾îµå´Â °ÍÀ» È®ÀÎÇÏ¿´´Ù.
Purpose: To compare the dose distributions between three-dimensional (3D) and four-dimensional (4D) radiation treatment plans calculated by Ray-tracing or the Monte Carlo algorithm, and to highlight the difference of dose calculation between two algorithms for lung heterogeneity correction in lung cancers.

Materials and Methods: Prospectively gated 4D CTs in seven patients were obtained with a Brilliance CT64-Channel scanner along with a respiratory bellows gating device. After 4D treatment planning with the Ray Tracing algorithm in Multiplan 3.5.1, a CyberKnife stereotactic radiotherapy planning system, 3D Ray Tracing, 3D and 4D Monte Carlo dose calculations were performed under the same beam conditions (same number, directions, monitor units of beams). The 3D plan was performed in a primary CT image setting corresponding to middle phase expiration (50%). Relative dose coverage, D95 of gross tumor volume and planning target volume, maximum doses of tumor, and the spinal cord were compared for each plan, taking into consideration the tumor location.

Results: According to the Monte Carlo calculations, mean tumor volume coverage of the 4D plans was 4.4% higher than the 3D plans when tumors were located in the lower lobes of the lung, but were 4.6% lower when tumors were located in the upper lobes of the lung. Similarly, the D95 of 4D plans was 4.8% higher than 3D plans when tumors were located in the lower lobes of lung, but was 1.7% lower when tumors were located in the upper lobes of lung. This tendency was also observed at the maximum dose of the spinal cord. Lastly, a 30% reduction in the PTV volume coverage was observed for the Monte Carlo calculation compared with the Ray-tracing calculation.

Conclusion: 3D and 4D robotic radiotherapy treatment plans for lung cancers were compared according to a dosimetric viewpoint for a tumor and the spinal cord. The difference of tumor dose distributions between 3D and 4D treatment plans was only significant when large tumor movement and deformation was suspected. Therefore, 4D treatment planning is only necessary for large tumor motion and deformation. However, a Monte Carlo calculation is always necessary, independent of tumor motion in the lung.

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Áúº´Æ¯¼º(Condition Category)
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ÁßÀç¹æ¹ý(Intervention Type)
ÁßÀç¸íĪ(Intervention Name)
Å°¿öµå(Keyword)
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4D treatment planning is only necessary for large tumor motion and deformation.
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ICD 03
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